Cervical cancer remains a major public health concern despite being one of the most preventable cancers among women. Persistent infection with high risk human papillomavirus is the primary cause, yet the disease develops slowly and remains asymptomatic in its early stages. This provides a critical opportunity for prevention through regular screening and vaccination. Simple tests such as the Pap smear and HPV testing can detect precancerous changes long before cancer develops, while HPV vaccination offers effective primary protection. However, lack of awareness, misconceptions, and limited access to services continue to hinder prevention efforts, particularly in low and middle income settings. Strengthening screening programs, expanding vaccination coverage, and empowering healthcare providers are essential to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality.