Micro- and nano machines (MNMs) are emerging as revolutionary tools inspired by biological molecular motors that enable controlled movement in living systems. Researchers are now engineering synthetic MNMs capable of autonomous propulsion using magnetic fields, light, sound waves, or chemical reactions. These tiny machines, ranging from the width of a human hair to the size of a virus, hold vast potential in medicine and environmental sustainability. In biomedicine, MNMs can revolutionize drug delivery by navigating the bloodstream, targeting diseased cells, and releasing drugs with precision, thereby reducing side effects. They also show promise for non-invasive surgery and continuous in vivo health monitoring. Beyond healthcare, MNMs act as environmental rescuers, capable of degrading pollutants, detoxifying water, removing microplastics, and restoring ecosystems. Despite the challenges of navigation, powering, safety, and ethics, MNMs are rapidly advancing from laboratory prototypes toward real-world applications, poised to redefine the future of healthcare and environmental remediation.

Key words : Micro- and nano machines, biological molecular motors, MNMs, drug delivery

Cite :Bhuyan, T. (2025). The rise of micro-/nano machines (MNMs): Shaping the future of health and environment. Vigyaksha, 1(1), 29–36. Newredmars Education.